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Manila Hotel
The Manila Hotel is a 570-room, historic five-star hotel located along Manila Bay in Manila, Philippines.〔("Manila Hotel" ). Arkitektura.ph. Retrieved on 2013-09-27.〕 The hotel is the oldest premiere hotel in the Philippines built in 1909 to rival Malacañang Palace, the official residence of the President of the Philippines and was opened on the commemoration of American Independence on July 4, 1912. The hotel complex was built on a reclaimed area of at the northwestern end of Rizal Park along Bonifacio Drive in Ermita.〔 Its penthouse served as the residence of General Douglas MacArthur during his tenure as the Military Advisor of the Philippine Commonwealth from 1935 to 1941. The hotel contains the offices of several foreign news organizations, including The New York Times.〔 It has hosted numerous world historical persons and celebrities including authors Ernest Hemingway and James A. Michener; actors Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. and John Wayne; publisher Henry Luce; entertainers Sammy Davis, Jr., Michael Jackson and The Beatles; U.S. President John F. Kennedy, Prime Minister Sir Anthony Eden, and other world leaders.〔〔
The hotel tower, built as part of the hotel's renovation and expansion from 1975 to 1977, surpassed the Philippine Plaza Hotel (now Sofitel Philippine Plaza) in Pasay City. It remained the tallest hotel tower in Manila Bay area.
==History==
When the United States took over the Philippine Islands from the Spanish in 1898 after the Spanish–American War,〔(Chronology for the Philippine Islands and Guam in the Spanish-American War ), Library of Congress. Retrieved August 27, 2007.〕 President William McKinley began Americanizing the former Spanish colony. In 1900 he appointed William Howard Taft to head the Philippine Commission to evaluate the needs of the new territory. Taft, who later became the Philippines' first civilian Governor-General,〔(William Howard Taft ), American Presidents: Life Portraits. Retrieved August 27, 2007.〕 decided that Manila, the capital, should be a planned town. He hired as his architect and city planner Daniel Hudson Burnham, who had built Union Station and the post office in Washington. In Manila, Mr. Burnham had in mind a long wide, tree-lined boulevard along the bay, beginning at a park area dominated by a magnificent hotel. To execute Burnham's plans, Taft hired William E. Parsons, a New York architect, who envisioned an impressive, comfortable hotel along the lines of a California mission but grander. The original design was an H-shaped plan that focused on well-ventilated rooms on two wings, providing grand vistas of the harbor, the Luneta, and Intramuros. The top floor was, in fact, a large viewing deck that was used for various functions, including watching the American navy steam into the harbor.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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